Resumo: Com o intuito de tornar a digitalização 3D mais acessível em museus, este estudo buscou por soluções apropriadas a um cenário de investimento reduzido. Baseando-se no faça-você-mesmo, a fotogrametria e a digitalização 3D por triangulação a laser foram testadas num ensaio com três objetos do Museu Júlio de Castilhos, Porto Alegre, Brasil. Ambas as técnicas mostraram bons resultados, a com base em fotogrametria, no entanto, apresentou mais vantagens, entre elas, uma menor curva de aprendizado.

Abstract: With the purpose of making 3D digitization more accessible in museums, this study looks into adequate solutions for a low-cost scenario. Based on a do-it-yourself perspective, photogrammetry and laser scanning techniques were experimented on three artefacts from the Júlio de Castilhos Museum, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Both techniques have shown great results, but the one based on photogrammetry presented more advantages, such as a smaller learning curve.

Resumen: Con el fin de hacer la digitalización 3D en museos más accesible, este estudio buscó observar técnicas apropiadas a un escenario de inversión reducido. Baseándose em hágalo-usted-mismo, la fotogrametría y la digitalización 3D por triangulación láser fueron probadas en un ensayo con tres objetos en el Museo Júlio de Castilhos, Porto Alegre, Brasil. Después del experimento, se concluyó que ambas técnicas mostraron buenos resultados, sin embargo la fotogrametría presenta más ventajas, entre ellas, la menor curva de aprendizaje.

Résumé: Avec l’intention de rendre plus accessible la numérisation 3D dans les musées, cet étude a envisagé l’évaluation des techniques pertinentes sur un scénario d’investissement réduit. En se basant sur le modèle “fais-le toi-même”, la photogrammétrie et la numérisation 3D par triangulation laser ont été testés dans un essai avec trois artefacts du Musée Júlio de Castilhos à Porto Alegre, Brésil. Après l’expérimentation, nous concluons que les deux techniques ont présentées des bons résultats. Par ailleurs la photogrammétrie a présenté plus d’avantage par rapport la numérisation 3D, à une plus petite courbe d’apprentissage.

INTRODUCTION: This work aims to pre-operatively manufacture custom-made low-cost implants and physical models (‘biomodels’) of fractured skulls. The pre-DOI: operative manufacturing of biomodels and implants allows physicians to study and plan surgery with a greater possibility of achieving the expected result. Customization contributes to both the esthetic and functional outcome of the implant because it considers the anatomy of each patient, while the low cost allows a greater number of people to potentially benefit. METHODS: From CT images of a fractured skull, a CAD model of the skull (biomodel) and a restorative implant were constructed digitally. The biomodel was then physically constructed with 3D Printing, and Incremental Sheet Forming (ISF) was used to manufacture the implant from a sheet of pure grade 2 titanium. Before cutting the implant’s final shape from a pre-formed sheet, heat treatment was performed to avoid deformations caused by residual stresses generated during the ISF process. RESULTS: A comparison of the dimensions of the implant and its respective CAD biomodel revealed geometric discrepancies that can affect both functional and aesthetic efficiency. Nevertheless, the final shape preserved symmetry between the right and left sides of the skull. Electron microscopy analysis did not indicate the presence of elements other than pure titanium. CONCLUSION: Dimensional variability can be decreased with changes in the manufacturing process (i.e., forming and cutting) and the heating ramp. Despite biomedical characteristics, there was no contamination of the implant by harmful chemical elements. 3D Printing was effective in making the biomodel, enabling pre-operative planning and improving physician-patient communication. Current results indicate that ISF is a process that can be used to obtain custom-made implants.